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No hay que sufrir efectos secundarios con la vacuna contra covid para estar protegido

Si una personality cree que vacunarse hoy en día es una dura prueba, debería conocer la versión del siglo XVIII.

Después de que te pusieran en el brazo pus de un hervor de viruela, seguirían tres semanas de fiebre, sudores, escalofríos, sangrado y purgas con medicinas peligrosas, acompañadas de himnos, oraciones y sermones sobre el fuego del infierno recitados por rígidos predicadores.

En basic, con la vacuna de la viruela, el proceso funcionó y las personalities lo prefirieron a soportar la viruela “natural”, que mató a cerca de un tercio de quienes la contrajeron. Los pacientes a menudo estaban agradecidos por la prueba de inmunización, una vez que terminaba, claro.

” Por lo tanto, mediante la Misericordia de Dios, he sido preservado a través del Moquillo de la Viruela”, escribió un tal Peter Thatcher en 1764, después de someterse al proceso en un medical facility de vacunación de Boston. “Muchos y atroces han sido mis pecados, pero espero que sean lavados”.

Hoy, una vez más, los estadounidenses están sorprendentemente dispuestos, incluso ansiosos, de sufrir un poco por la recompensa de la inmunidad contra un virus que ha puesto al mundo al borde del abismo.

Aproximadamente la mitad de los vacunados con las dos dosis de Moderna o Pfizer-BioNTech, y en particular las mujeres, experimentan molestias: desde brazos calientes y doloridos hasta escalofríos, dolor de cabeza, fiebre y agotamiento. A veces se jactan de los síntomas.

La sospecha sobre lo que contenían las inyecciones creció en la mente de Patricia Mandatori, una inmigrante argentina en Los Ángeles, cuando apenas sintió la aguja penetrando en su brazo después de su primera dosis de la vacuna de Moderna, en una cita de marzo.

Sin embargo, un día después, con satisfacción, “sintió como si me atropellara un camión”, dijo Mandatori.

Si bien los síntomas muestran que el sistema inmune está respondiendo a la vacuna de una manera que protegerá contra la enfermedad, la evidencia de los ensayos clínicos mostró que las personas fool pocos o ningún síntoma también estaban protegidas. No te sientas mal si no te siente mal, dicen expertos.

” Esta es la primera vacuna en la historia en la que alguien se ha quejado de no tener síntomas”, dijo el medical professional Paul Offit, inmunólogo y director del Centro de Educación sobre Vacunas del Hospital Infantil de Philadelphia.

Existe alguna evidencia de una respuesta inmune más fuerte en las personalities más jóvenes y en las que se enferman cuando se vacunan. Un pequeño estudio de la Universidad de Pennsylvania mostró que las personas que informaron efectos secundarios sistémicos como fiebre, escalofríos y dolor de cabeza pueden haber tenido niveles algo más altos de anticuerpos El gran ensayo de la vacuna de Pfizer mostró la misma tendencia en pacientes más jóvenes.

Pero eso no significa que las personalities que no reaccionan severamente a la vacuna estén menos protegidas, explicó la doctora Joanna Schaenman, experta en enfermedades infecciosas e inmunología del envejecimiento en la Escuela de Medicina David Geffen de la UCLA.

Si bien los síntomas de la enfermedad boy, sin duda, parte de la respuesta inmune, la respuesta inmune que cuenta es la protección, dijo. “Eso se conserva en todos los grupos de edad y es possible que sea independiente de si la personality tuvo o no efectos secundarios locales o sistémicos”.

Se cree que las respuestas del sistema inmune que producen síntomas posteriores a la vacunación son desencadenadas por proteínas llamadas receptores tipo toll, que residen en ciertas células inmunitarias. Estos receptores child menos funcionales en las personas mayores.

Pero otras partes de tu sistema inmune están respondiendo más gradualmente a la vacuna al crear los tipos específicos de células necesarias para proteger contra el coronavirus. Estas child las llamadas “células B de memoria”, que producen anticuerpos para atacar el virus, y las “células T asesinas” que rastrean y destruyen las células infectadas por el infection.

Muchas otras vacunas, incluidas las que previenen la liver disease B y la neumonía bacteriana, son muy eficaces y tienen perfiles de efectos secundarios relativamente leves, apuntó Schaenman.

Si se tiene una reacción fuerte a la vacuna “es una cuestión interesante pero, en cierto sentido, no es crucial”, dijo el doctor William Schaffner, profesor de enfermedades infecciosas en el Centro Médico de la Universidad de Vanderbilt. En resumen, dijo: “No hay que preocuparse por eso”.

Hubo un tiempo en que los médicos recetaban aceite de hígado de bacalao y la gente pensaba que los medicamentos tenían que tener mal sabor para ser eficaces.

Las personalities que se enferman después de la vacunación contra covid “sienten que hemos tenido un poco de sufrimiento, que hemos enfrentado al enemigo”, dijo Schaenman (que tuvo un poco de fiebre). “Cuando no tienen los efectos secundarios, sienten que les han robado la experiencia”.

Aún así, los efectos secundarios pueden ser una señal esperanzadora, especialmente cuando terminan, dijo Eddie Anderson, líder de la Iglesia Cristiana McCarty Memorial, quien ha liderado los esfuerzos para vacunar a los feligreses de raza negra de Los Ángeles. Los ayuda a atravesar el período difícil recordándoles los alegres reencuentros con hijos y nietos que serán posibles después de la vacunación.

” Soy un pastor cristiano”, dijo. “Les digo: ‘Si superan el dolor y la incomodidad, la curación está del otro lado. Puedes volver a ser completamente humano”.

Esta historia fue producida por KHN, que publica California Healthline, un servicio editorialmente independiente de la California Health Care Structure

Associated Subjects

Noticias En Español Public Health

COVID-19 Vaccines

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Harvard Law Teacher Martha Minow On Forgiveness In The Wrongdoer Justice System

When Brandt Jean hugged the white policeman who killed his unarmed bro while he remained in his own house, the act triggered a larger discussion about forgiveness, the law, and race in America. And while some saw officer Amber Guyger’s ten-year jail sentence as a reasonable result, others stated it was too light a penalty, and indicated numerous methods which the American criminal justice system has actually methodically jailed individuals of color at high rates and with long sentences. In her brand-new book, When Should Law Forgive?, Harvard Law School teacher Martha Minow analyzes a variety of locations where the legal system uses chances for absolution, and asks where they may be utilized more, and where they ought to not. Jim Braude was signed up with by Martha Minow.

http://criminaljusticecourses.net/harvard-law-teacher-martha-minow-on-forgiveness-in-the-wrongdoer-justice-system/

Texas GOP legislator provides to assist Biden on criminal justice reform

Rep. Troy Nehls signs up with ‘America’s Newsroom’ after making an individual plea to President Biden after his address to Congress. #FoxNews

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http://criminaljusticecourses.net/texas-gop-legislator-provides-to-assist-biden-on-criminal-justice-reform/

The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System, A Sociological Analysis of Miscarriages of Justice

The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System examines competing perspectives on, and definitions of, miscarriages of justice to tackle these questions and more in this critical sociological examination of innocence and wrongful conviction. This book: • is the first book of its kind to cover wrong convictions, from definition and causation to the limits of redress • provides a wealth of case studies and statistics to apply theoretical discussions of the criminal justice system to real-life situations • discusses ideas and challenges that are highly relevant to current political and social debates Elegantly written by a leading expert in the field, this book is essential reading for students of criminology, criminal justice and law, looking to understand the workings of the criminal justice system and how it can fail the innocent.

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You Don’t Have to Suffer to Benefit From Covid Vaccination — But Some Prefer It

If you think vaccination is an ordeal now, consider the 18th-century version. After having pus from a smallpox boil scratched into your arm, you would be subject to three weeks of fever, sweats, chills, bleeding and purging with dangerous medicines, accompanied by hymns, prayers and hell-fire sermons by dour preachers.

That was smallpox vaccination, back then. The process generally worked and was preferred to enduring “natural” smallpox, which killed around a third of those who got it. Patients were often grateful for trial-by-immunization — once it was over, anyway.

“Thus through the Mercy of God, I have been preserved through the Distemper of the Small Pox,” wrote one Peter Thatcher in 1764, after undergoing the process in a Boston inoculation hospital. “Many and heinous have been my sins, but I hope they will be washed away.”

Today, Americans are once again surprisingly willing, even eager, to suffer a little for the reward of immunity from a virus that has turned the world upside down.

Roughly half of those vaccinated with the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines, and in particular women, experience unpleasantness, from hot, sore arms to chills, headache, fever and exhaustion. Sometimes they boast about the symptoms. They often welcome them.

Suspicion about what was in the shots grew in the mind of Patricia Mandatori, an Argentine immigrant in Los Angeles, when she hardly felt the needle going in after her first dose of the Moderna vaccine at a March appointment.

A day later, though, with satisfaction, she “felt like a truck hit me,” Mandatori said. “When I started to feel rotten I said, ‘Yay, I got the vaccination.’ I was happy. I felt relieved.”

While the symptoms show your immune system is responding to the vaccine in a way that will protect against disease, evidence from clinical trials showed that people with few or no symptoms were also protected. Don’t feel bad if you don’t feel bad, the experts say.

“This is the first vaccine in history where anyone has ever complained about not having symptoms,” said immunologist Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

To be sure, there is some evidence of stronger immune response in younger people — and in those who get sick when vaccinated. A small study at the University of Pennsylvania showed that people who reported systemic side effects such as fever, chills and headache may have had somewhat higher levels of antibodies. The large trial for Pfizer’s vaccine showed the same trend in younger patients.

But that doesn’t mean people who don’t react to the vaccine severely are less protected, said Dr. Joanna Schaenman, an expert on infectious diseases and the immunology of aging at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. While the symptoms of illness are undoubtedly part of the immune response, the immune response that counts is protection, she said. “That is preserved across age groups and likely to be independent of whether you had local or systemic side effects or not.”

The immune system responses that produce post-vaccination symptoms are thought to be triggered by proteins called toll-like receptors, which reside on certain immune cells. These receptors are less functional in older people, who are also likely to have chronic, low-grade activation of their immune systems that paradoxically mutes the more rapid response to a vaccine.

But other parts of their immune systems are responding more gradually to the vaccine by creating the specific types of cells needed to protect against the coronavirus. These are the so-called memory B cells, which make antibodies to attack the virus, and “killer T cells” that track and destroy virus-infected cells.

Many other vaccines, including those that prevent hepatitis B and bacterial pneumonia, are highly effective while having relatively mild side effect profiles, Schaenman noted.

Whether you have a strong reaction to the vaccine “is an interesting but, in a sense, not vital question,” said Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of infectious disease at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The bottom line, he said: “Don’t worry about it.”

There was a time when doctors prescribed cod-liver oil and people thought medicine had to taste bad to be effective. People who get sick after covid vaccination “feel like we’ve had a tiny bit of suffering, we’ve girded our loins against the real thing,” said Schaenman (who had a slight fever). “When people don’t have the side effects, they feel they’ve been robbed” of the experience.

Still, side effects can be a hopeful sign, especially when they end, says McCarty Memorial Christian Church leader Eddie Anderson, who has led efforts to vaccinate Black churchgoers in Los Angeles. He helps them through the rocky period by reminding them of the joyful reunions with children and grandchildren that will be possible post-vaccination.

“I’m a Christian pastor,’’ he said. “I tell them, ‘If you make it through the pain and discomfort, healing is on the other side. You can be fully human again.’”

This story was produced by KHN, which publishes California Healthline, an editorially independent service of the California Health Care Foundation.

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Crook justice reform in America: Policing and pretrial detention

On April 30, Governance Research Studies at Brookings and AEI cohosted a webinar to provide the report and talk about policing and pretrial detention reforms detailed in the paper. Speakers talked about brief-, medium-, and long-lasting reforms to the frontend of the criminal justice system.

https://www.brookings.edu/events/criminal-justice-reform-in-america-policing-and-pretrial-detention/(transcribe offered)

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